{"id":13836,"date":"2019-09-10T17:07:58","date_gmt":"2019-09-10T15:07:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/hot-en\/dr-youngs-rectal-dilators-medical-devices-used-until-the-1940s\/"},"modified":"2024-07-31T14:27:46","modified_gmt":"2024-07-31T12:27:46","slug":"dr-youngs-rectal-dilators-medical-devices-used-until-the-1940s","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/2019\/09\/10\/dr-youngs-rectal-dilators-medical-devices-used-until-the-1940s\/","title":{"rendered":"Dr. Young&#8217;s Rectal Dilators: medical devices used until the 1940s"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. Young&#8217;s Dilators were a medical device sold in the United States from the late nineteenth century until at least the 40s of the &#8216;900. The dilator set consisted of four instruments in hard (but more recently plastic) rubber of varying diameter.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>If anal dilators are still used today in medicine as a remedy for disorders such as constipation, proctalgia and other pathologies, those of Doctor Young are striking for their shape, absolutely different and abnormal compared to the current dilators, and for the purpose for which, according to the their inventor, they had to be used.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Young claimed that the rectal dilation with his instruments guaranteed the cure against:<\/p>\n<p>Madness, halitosis, yellowish skin, acne, anxiety, fatigue, mental intoxication, insomnia, anorexia, headache, diarrhea, hemorrhoids, flatulence, l indigestion, nervousness, irritability, cold extremities and numerous other disorders.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Dr. Young himself emphasized rectal dilation as a remedy for madness, arguing that &#8220;at least three-quarters of the world&#8217;s maniacs are curable in a few weeks with the application of dilation orifice methods&#8221;. Young himself, however, also admitted that some patients panicked at the sight of the devices.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The instructions inside the box recommended:<\/p>\n<p>Don&#8217;t forget to use your Dilators &#8230; We recommend using them [occasionally] as a precautionary measure. Don&#8217;t be afraid to use them too much.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A 1905 advertisement by the FE Young and Co. of Chicago promised that &#8220;The best results can be obtained using Young&#8217;s self-retaining rectal dilators&#8221;, the use of which &#8220;for the disabled only realizes what nature does on a daily basis. &#8216;healthy individual&#8217;. The doctors were informed that &#8220;If you prescribe a series of dilators in some of the cases of chronic constipation, then you will find them necessary in any case of this type&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The price of a set was $ 2.50, equivalent to $ 70 today<\/p>\n<p>It was only in 1938 that US federal food, drug and cosmetic law also included medical devices, and it did not take long for dilators to attract the attention of officials. In 1940 a batch of dilators and their lubricant, the Piloment, was seized in New York, becoming the subject of an investigation.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>During the procedure it was ascertained that &#8220;(the dilators) would be dangerous to health if used with the prescribed frequency and duration, suggested in the precautions for use&#8221;. That batch of dilators was then destroyed, and in a short time Dr. Young&#8217;s dilators became just a (bizarre) memory of the past.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Dilatateurs rectaux du Dr Young: dispositifs m\u00e9dicaux utilis\u00e9s jusque dans les ann\u00e9es 1940<\/p>\n<p>Les dilatateurs du Dr Young \u00e9taient un instrument m\u00e9dical vendu aux \u00c9tats-Unis depuis la fin du XIXe si\u00e8cle jusqu&#8217;au moins les ann\u00e9es 1940. L&#8217;ensemble de dilatateurs \u00e9tait compos\u00e9 de quatre instruments en caoutchouc dur (mais plus r\u00e9cemment en plastique) de diff\u00e9rents diam\u00e8tres.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Si les dilatateurs anaux sont encore utilis\u00e9s aujourd&#8217;hui en m\u00e9decine comme rem\u00e8de contre des troubles tels que la constipation, la proctalgie et d&#8217;autres pathologies, ceux du Docteur Young sont frappants par leur forme, absolument diff\u00e9rente et anormale par rapport aux dilatateurs actuels, et dans le but pour lequel, selon le m\u00e9decin. leur inventeur, ils devaient \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Young a affirm\u00e9 que la dilatation rectale avec ses instruments garantissait le traitement contre:<\/p>\n<p>Folie, halitose, peau jaun\u00e2tre, acn\u00e9, anxi\u00e9t\u00e9, fatigue, intoxication mentale, insomnie, anorexie, maux de t\u00eate, diarrh\u00e9e, h\u00e9morro\u00efdes, flatulence indigestion, nervosit\u00e9, irritabilit\u00e9, extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s froides et de nombreux autres troubles.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Le Dr Young a lui-m\u00eame soulign\u00e9 que la dilatation rectale \u00e9tait un rem\u00e8de contre la folie, affirmant qu &#8216;&#8221;au moins les trois quarts des maniaques du monde sont gu\u00e9rissables en quelques semaines gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l&#8217;application de m\u00e9thodes par orifice de dilatation&#8221;. Young lui-m\u00eame, cependant, a \u00e9galement admis que certains patients ont paniqu\u00e9 \u00e0 la vue des appareils.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Les instructions \u00e0 l&#8217;int\u00e9rieur de la bo\u00eete recommand\u00e9es:<\/p>\n<p>N&#8217;oubliez pas d&#8217;utiliser vos dilatateurs &#8230; Nous vous recommandons de les utiliser [\u00e0 l&#8217;occasion] par mesure de pr\u00e9caution. N&#8217;ayez pas peur de les utiliser trop.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Dans une publicit\u00e9 publi\u00e9e en 1905 par le FE Young and Co. de Chicago, il \u00e9tait promis que &#8220;les meilleurs r\u00e9sultats peuvent \u00eatre obtenus \u00e0 l&#8217;aide de dilatateurs rectaux auto-conservants de Young&#8221;, dont l&#8217;utilisation &#8220;pour les personnes handicap\u00e9es ne r\u00e9alise que ce que la nature fait quotidiennement.&#8221; \u00abindividu en bonne sant\u00e9\u00bb. Les m\u00e9decins ont \u00e9t\u00e9 inform\u00e9s que &#8220;Si vous prescrivez une s\u00e9rie de dilatateurs dans certains cas de constipation chronique, vous les trouverez n\u00e9cessaires dans tous les cas de ce type&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Le prix d&#8217;un ensemble \u00e9tait de 2,50 $, \u00e9quivalent \u00e0 70 $ aujourd&#8217;hui<\/p>\n<p>Ce n\u2019est qu\u2019en 1938 que la loi f\u00e9d\u00e9rale am\u00e9ricaine sur les produits alimentaires, les m\u00e9dicaments et les cosm\u00e9tiques incluait \u00e9galement les dispositifs m\u00e9dicaux et que les dilatateurs attiraient rapidement l\u2019attention des responsables. En 1940, un lot de dilatateurs et leur lubrifiant, le Piloment, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 saisis \u00e0 New York et ont fait l\u2019objet d\u2019une enqu\u00eate.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Au cours de la proc\u00e9dure, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9termin\u00e9 que &#8220;(les dilatateurs) seraient dangereux pour la sant\u00e9 s&#8217;ils \u00e9taient utilis\u00e9s avec la fr\u00e9quence et la dur\u00e9e prescrites, sugg\u00e9r\u00e9es dans les pr\u00e9cautions d&#8217;emploi&#8221;. Ce lot de dilatateurs a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9truit et, en peu de temps, les dilatateurs de M. Young sont devenus un souvenir (bizarre) du pass\u00e9.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Dilatadores rectales del Dr. Young: dispositivos m\u00e9dicos utilizados hasta la d\u00e9cada de 1940<\/p>\n<p>Los dilatadores del Dr. Young fueron un dispositivo m\u00e9dico vendido en los Estados Unidos desde finales del siglo XIX hasta al menos los a\u00f1os 40 del &#8216;900. El conjunto de dilatador constaba de cuatro instrumentos en goma dura (pero m\u00e1s recientemente de pl\u00e1stico) de di\u00e1metro variable.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Si los dilatadores anales todav\u00eda se usan hoy en medicina como remedio para trastornos como el estre\u00f1imiento, la proctalgia y otras patolog\u00edas, los del Doctor Young son sorprendentes por su forma, absolutamente diferentes y anormales en comparaci\u00f3n con los dilatadores actuales, y para el prop\u00f3sito para el cual, seg\u00fan el su inventor, tuvieron que ser utilizados.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Young afirm\u00f3 que la dilataci\u00f3n rectal con sus instrumentos garantizaba la cura contra:<\/p>\n<p>Locura, halitosis, piel amarillenta, acn\u00e9, ansiedad, fatiga, intoxicaci\u00f3n mental, insomnio, anorexia, dolor de cabeza, diarrea, hemorroides, flatulencia, l indigesti\u00f3n, nerviosismo, irritabilidad, extremidades fr\u00edas y muchos otros trastornos.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>El propio Dr. Young enfatiz\u00f3 la dilataci\u00f3n rectal como un remedio para la locura, argumentando que &#8220;al menos las tres cuartas partes de los man\u00edacos del mundo son curables en pocas semanas con la aplicaci\u00f3n de m\u00e9todos de orificio de dilataci\u00f3n&#8221;. Young mismo, sin embargo, tambi\u00e9n admiti\u00f3 que algunos pacientes entraron en p\u00e1nico al ver los dispositivos.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Las instrucciones dentro de la caja recomiendan:<\/p>\n<p>No olvide usar sus dilatadores &#8230; Recomendamos usarlos [ocasionalmente] como medida de precauci\u00f3n. No tengas miedo de usarlos demasiado.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Un anuncio de 1905 de la FE Young and Co. de Chicago prometi\u00f3 que &#8220;se pueden obtener los mejores resultados utilizando los dilatadores rectales autosuficientes de Young&#8221;, cuyo uso &#8220;para los discapacitados solo se da cuenta de lo que la naturaleza hace a diario&#8221;. &#8216;individuo sano&#8217;. Se inform\u00f3 a los m\u00e9dicos que &#8220;si prescribe una serie de dilatadores en algunos de los casos de estre\u00f1imiento cr\u00f3nico, los encontrar\u00e1 necesarios en cualquier caso de este tipo&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>El precio de un conjunto fue de $ 2.50, equivalente a $ 70 hoy<\/p>\n<p>Fue solo en 1938 que la ley federal de alimentos, medicamentos y cosm\u00e9ticos de EE. UU. Tambi\u00e9n incluy\u00f3 dispositivos m\u00e9dicos, y los dilatadores no tardaron mucho en llamar la atenci\u00f3n de los funcionarios. En 1940, un lote de dilatadores y su lubricante, el Piloment, fue incautado en Nueva York, convirti\u00e9ndose en objeto de una investigaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Durante el procedimiento se determin\u00f3 que &#8220;(los dilatadores) ser\u00edan peligrosos para la salud si se usaran con la frecuencia y duraci\u00f3n prescritas, sugeridas en las precauciones de uso&#8221;. Ese lote de dilatadores fue destruido, y en poco tiempo los dilatadores del Dr. Young se convirtieron en un recuerdo (extra\u00f1o) del pasado.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 1940s<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644. \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 (\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629) \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643 \u060c \u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a \u064a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0636\u062f:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u060c \u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u060c \u0644 \u0639\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0636\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u062c \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f&#8221;. \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0639\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0623\u0648\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062a &#8230; \u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 [\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627] \u0643\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 FE Young and Co. of Chicago \u0639\u0627\u0645 1905 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 &#8220;\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 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\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 &#8220;(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062a) \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645&#8221;. \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 (\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dr. Young&#8217;s Dilators were a medical device sold in the United States from the late [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":320,"featured_media":13833,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4264],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13836","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-highlights-en"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13836","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/320"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13836"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13836\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19930,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13836\/revisions\/19930"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13833"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13836"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13836"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13836"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}