{"id":14026,"date":"2019-10-04T19:21:36","date_gmt":"2019-10-04T17:21:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/cosmos-en\/the-harpy-eagle-the-most-majestic-raptor-of-the-earth-at-risk-of-extinction\/"},"modified":"2024-08-02T10:06:22","modified_gmt":"2024-08-02T08:06:22","slug":"the-harpy-eagle-the-most-majestic-raptor-of-the-earth-at-risk-of-extinction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/2019\/10\/04\/the-harpy-eagle-the-most-majestic-raptor-of-the-earth-at-risk-of-extinction\/","title":{"rendered":"The harpy eagle: the most majestic raptor of the earth at risk of extinction"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The harpies are among the largest eagles on our planet: although they weigh a dozen kilos at the most, their height can reach two meters, while the wingspan is from two to four meters.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This splendid and impressive bird of prey unfortunately is one of the species near extinction according to the International Union for conservation.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The harpy eagle is in fact threatened by deforestation that is gradually destroying its natural habitat: at the moment there are only about 50 thousand specimens of harpy in the world and in Brazil it is almost completely gone.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The female is 100\u2013200 cm long, has a wingspan of about 400 cm and weighs about 10.5 kg. Exceptionally, some females have reached 13 kg and one specimen has exceeded 15 kg. The latter, named Jezebel, was in a state of captivity and therefore tended naturally to be oversized: otherwise the bird of prey would have reached such a size.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>The male barely reaches 7 kg in weight.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The harpy is gray, with an ash gray head and a white belly. Both sexes have a crest of long erectile feathers, very characteristic. The fingers including claws are 13 cm long.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biology<\/strong><br \/>\nThe harpy is carnivorous and predatory. Its preferred prey is the small mammals, such as the coati with the white nose of the lowland, the little ones of the sloth and small monkeys. It also hunts other bird species. The claws are very powerful and of great help in killing the preys: they manage to exert the pressure of 42 kg \/ cm\u00b2. The bird is able to lift heavy prey, even 3\/4 of its body weight.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Playback<\/strong><br \/>\nThe couple lays two white eggs in a nest made of sticks and branches, on a tall tree. Normally a couple raises a baby every 2-3 years. The eggs are hatched together but when the first one opens, the second one is abandoned before hatching. The baby takes 6 months to fly but the parents continue to feed it for another 6-10 months. The harpy can be very aggressive even towards the man if he sees a danger or a disturbance for the nest or for the baby.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Distribution and habitat<\/strong><br \/>\nThe range of the species extends in southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and north-eastern Argentina.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Storage<\/strong><br \/>\nThe harpy is threatened by deforestation. He spends most of his time hunting and is mainly sighted in transit. In Brazil it has almost completely disappeared from the Atlantic Forest and lives in few specimens in the most remote areas of the Amazon Basin.<br \/>\nAccording to the IUCN criteria it is considered a species &#8220;close to the threat&#8221; of extinction (Near Threatened).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>The harpy in the Panama coat of arms<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The harpy is the national bird of Panama and is reproduced in the official coat of arms.<\/p>\n<p>The law 34 of 1949 establishes that an eagle is on top of the coat of arms. The law, in truth, did not establish which species of eagle should be reproduced but most of the schools later exhibited just a harpy.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Law 18 of 2002 established that the harpy is the national bird.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The law 50 of 17 May 2006 has finally integrated the aforementioned law of 2002 establishing definitively that the species of eagle to be reproduced in the national coat of arms is precisely the harpy, or Harpia harpyja.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>El \u00e1guila arp\u00eda: el rapaz m\u00e1s majestuoso de la tierra en peligro de extinci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Las arp\u00edas se encuentran entre las \u00e1guilas m\u00e1s grandes de nuestro planeta: aunque pesan como m\u00e1ximo una docena de kilos, su altura puede alcanzar los dos metros, mientras que la envergadura es de dos a cuatro metros.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Esta ave de rapi\u00f1a espl\u00e9ndida e impresionante, desafortunadamente, es una de las especies cercanas a la extinci\u00f3n seg\u00fan la Uni\u00f3n Internacional para la Conservaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>De hecho, el \u00e1guila arp\u00eda est\u00e1 amenazada por la deforestaci\u00f3n que est\u00e1 destruyendo gradualmente su h\u00e1bitat natural: en este momento solo hay alrededor de 50 mil espec\u00edmenes de arp\u00eda en el mundo y en Brasil se ha ido casi por completo.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>La hembra mide 100\u2013200 cm de largo, tiene una envergadura de aproximadamente 400 cm y pesa aproximadamente 10.5 kg. Excepcionalmente, algunas hembras han alcanzado los 13 kg y una muestra ha excedido los 15 kg. Este \u00faltimo, llamado Jezabel, estaba en un estado de cautiverio y, por lo tanto, tend\u00eda a ser demasiado grande: de lo contrario, el ave de rapi\u00f1a habr\u00eda alcanzado tal tama\u00f1o.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>El macho apenas alcanza los 7 kg de peso.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La arp\u00eda es gris, con una cabeza gris ceniza y un vientre blanco. Ambos sexos tienen una cresta de largas plumas er\u00e9ctiles, muy caracter\u00edstica. Los dedos, incluidas las garras, tienen 13 cm de largo.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biolog\u00eda<\/strong><br \/>\nLa arp\u00eda es carn\u00edvora y depredadora. Su presa preferida son los peque\u00f1os mam\u00edferos, como los coat\u00edes con la nariz blanca de las tierras bajas, los peque\u00f1os de los perezosos y los peque\u00f1os monos. Tambi\u00e9n caza otras especies de aves. Las garras son muy poderosas y de gran ayuda para matar a las presas: logran ejercer una presi\u00f3n de 42 kg \/ cm\u00b2. El ave puede levantar presas pesadas, incluso 3\/4 de su peso corporal.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Reproducci\u00f3n<\/strong><br \/>\nLa pareja pone dos huevos blancos en un nido hecho de palos y ramas, en un \u00e1rbol alto. Normalmente una pareja cr\u00eda a un beb\u00e9 cada 2-3 a\u00f1os. Los huevos se incuban juntos, pero cuando se abre el primero, se abandona el segundo antes de la eclosi\u00f3n. El beb\u00e9 tarda 6 meses en volar, pero los padres contin\u00faan aliment\u00e1ndolo durante otros 6-10 meses. La arp\u00eda puede ser muy agresiva incluso hacia el hombre si ve un peligro o una molestia para el nido o para el beb\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Distribuci\u00f3n y h\u00e1bitat.<\/strong><br \/>\nEl rango de la especie se extiende al sur de M\u00e9xico, Guatemala, Belice, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panam\u00e1, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, Guayana Francesa, Ecuador, Per\u00fa, Bolivia, Brasil, Paraguay y el noreste de Argentina.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conservaci\u00f3n<\/strong><br \/>\nLa arp\u00eda est\u00e1 amenazada por la deforestaci\u00f3n. Pasa la mayor parte de su tiempo cazando y es visto principalmente en tr\u00e1nsito. En Brasil, ha desaparecido casi por completo del bosque atl\u00e1ntico y vive en pocos espec\u00edmenes en las \u00e1reas m\u00e1s remotas de la cuenca del Amazonas.<br \/>\nDe acuerdo con los criterios de la UICN, se considera una especie &#8220;cercana a la amenaza&#8221; de extinci\u00f3n (casi amenazada).<\/p>\n<p>La arp\u00eda en el escudo de armas de Panam\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>La arp\u00eda es el ave nacional de Panam\u00e1 y se reproduce en el escudo de armas oficial.<\/p>\n<p>La ley 34 de 1949 establece que un \u00e1guila est\u00e1 encima del escudo de armas. La ley, en verdad, no estableci\u00f3 qu\u00e9 especies de \u00e1guilas deber\u00edan reproducirse, pero la mayor\u00eda de las escuelas exhibieron m\u00e1s tarde una arp\u00eda.<\/p>\n<p>La Ley 18 de 2002 estableci\u00f3 que la arp\u00eda es el ave nacional.<\/p>\n<p>La ley 50 del 17 de mayo de 2006 finalmente ha integrado la ley antes mencionada de 2002 que establece definitivamente que la especie de \u00e1guila que se reproducir\u00e1 en el escudo nacional es precisamente la arp\u00eda, o Harpia harpyja.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>A \u00e1guia harpia: o raptor mais majestoso da terra em risco de extin\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As harpias est\u00e3o entre as maiores \u00e1guias do nosso planeta: embora pesem no m\u00e1ximo uma d\u00fazia de quilos, sua altura pode chegar a dois metros, enquanto a envergadura \u00e9 de dois a quatro metros.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Infelizmente, esta espl\u00eandida e impressionante ave de rapina \u00e9 uma das esp\u00e9cies pr\u00f3ximas \u00e0 extin\u00e7\u00e3o, de acordo com a Uni\u00e3o Internacional para Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A harpia est\u00e1 de fato amea\u00e7ada pelo desmatamento que est\u00e1 gradualmente destruindo seu habitat natural: atualmente, existem apenas cerca de 50 mil esp\u00e9cimes de harpia no mundo e no Brasil ela desapareceu quase completamente.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A f\u00eamea mede 100\u2013200 cm de comprimento, tem uma envergadura de cerca de 400 cm e pesa cerca de 10,5 kg. Excepcionalmente, algumas f\u00eameas atingiram 13 kg e uma amostra excedeu 15 kg. O \u00faltimo, chamado Jezabel, estava em estado de cativeiro e, portanto, tendia naturalmente a ser grande demais: caso contr\u00e1rio, a ave de rapina teria atingido tamanho.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>O macho mal atinge 7 kg de peso.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A harpia \u00e9 cinza, com uma cabe\u00e7a cinza acinzentada e uma barriga branca. Ambos os sexos t\u00eam uma crista de longas penas er\u00e9teis, muito caracter\u00edstica. Os dedos, incluindo garras, t\u00eam 13 cm de comprimento.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biologia<\/strong><br \/>\nA harpia \u00e9 carn\u00edvora e predat\u00f3ria. Sua presa preferida s\u00e3o os pequenos mam\u00edferos, como o quati com o nariz branco da plan\u00edcie, os pequeninos da pregui\u00e7a e os pequenos macacos. Tamb\u00e9m ca\u00e7a outras esp\u00e9cies de aves. As garras s\u00e3o muito poderosas e de grande ajuda para matar as presas: conseguem exercer a press\u00e3o de 42 kg \/ cm\u00b2. O p\u00e1ssaro \u00e9 capaz de levantar presas pesadas, mesmo 3\/4 do seu peso corporal.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><br \/>\nO casal coloca dois ovos brancos em um ninho feito de gravetos e galhos, em uma \u00e1rvore alta. Normalmente, um casal cria um beb\u00ea a cada 2-3 anos. Os ovos s\u00e3o chocados juntos, mas quando o primeiro abre, o segundo \u00e9 abandonado antes de chocar. O beb\u00ea leva 6 meses para voar, mas os pais continuam a aliment\u00e1-lo por mais 6 a 10 meses. A harpia pode ser muito agressiva, mesmo em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao homem, se ele v\u00ea perigo ou perturba\u00e7\u00e3o no ninho ou no beb\u00ea.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o e habitat<\/strong><br \/>\nA variedade de esp\u00e9cies se estende no sul do M\u00e9xico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, Nicar\u00e1gua, Costa Rica, Panam\u00e1, Col\u00f4mbia, Venezuela, Guiana, Suriname, Guiana Francesa, Equador, Peru, Bol\u00edvia, Brasil, Paraguai e nordeste da Argentina.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><br \/>\nA harpia est\u00e1 amea\u00e7ada pelo desmatamento. Ele passa a maior parte do tempo ca\u00e7ando e \u00e9 visto principalmente em tr\u00e2nsito. No Brasil, desapareceu quase completamente da Mata Atl\u00e2ntica e vive em poucos esp\u00e9cimes nas \u00e1reas mais remotas da Bacia Amaz\u00f4nica.<br \/>\nDe acordo com os crit\u00e9rios da IUCN, \u00e9 considerada uma esp\u00e9cie &#8220;pr\u00f3xima \u00e0 amea\u00e7a&#8221; de extin\u00e7\u00e3o (quase amea\u00e7ada).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A harpia no bras\u00e3o de armas do Panam\u00e1<\/p>\n<p>A harpia \u00e9 a ave nacional do Panam\u00e1 e \u00e9 reproduzida no bras\u00e3o oficial.<\/p>\n<p>A lei 34 de 1949 estabelece que uma \u00e1guia est\u00e1 no topo do bras\u00e3o de armas. A lei, na verdade, n\u00e3o estabeleceu quais esp\u00e9cies de \u00e1guia devem ser reproduzidas, mas a maioria das escolas mais tarde exibiu apenas uma harpia.<\/p>\n<p>A Lei 18 de 2002 estabeleceu que a harpia \u00e9 a ave nacional.<\/p>\n<p>A lei 50 de 17 de maio de 2006 finalmente integrou a referida lei de 2002, estabelecendo definitivamente que as esp\u00e9cies de \u00e1guias a serem reproduzidas no bras\u00e3o de armas nacional s\u00e3o precisamente a harpia, ou Harpia harpyja.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The harpies are among the largest eagles on our planet: although they weigh a dozen [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":341,"featured_media":14027,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4260],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14026","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cosmos"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14026","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/341"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14026"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14026\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20105,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14026\/revisions\/20105"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14027"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14026"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14026"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.42doit.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}